SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

You, Liangzhi.

This paper examines differences in the spatial and temporal variations of rice yields in China and Brazil. Our analysis indicates that, in China, rice yields have converged over time and rice production has become increasingly homogeneous. In contrast, rice yields in Brazil have diverged over time, primarily due to variations in upland rice yields. Three hypothetical explanations may account for the different behaviors of rice yields in Brazil and China, namely: 1) differences in production systems (i.e. irrigated in China vs. upland in Brazil); 2) changes in rainfall patterns; and 3) bias in agricultural research and development (R&D) towards irrigated rice. Our empirical analysis supports the first two hypotheses by establishing that: 1) upland rice...

A Typology of Food Security in Developing Countries under High Food Prices

Palavras-chave: Rice productivity; Spatial convergence; Technology spillover; China; Brazil; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42333

Yu, Bingxin; You, Liangzhi; Fan, Shenggen.

The recent surge in food prices around the world may reverse the gains of reducing hunger and poverty in the recent years. This paper employs factor and sequential typology analysis using data for 175 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to four measures of food security: utilization, availability, accessibility and stability. Nine indicators are used for this study: calories intake, protein intake, fat intake, food production, the ratio of total exports to food imports, soil fertility, length of growing period, coefficient of variation of length of growing period and urbanization. The analysis first identifies 5 distinct food security groups characterized by food intake then further split these groups based on similarities and...

ALTERNATIVE GROWTH SCENARIOS FOR UGANDAN COFFEE TO 2020

Palavras-chave: Food security; Factor analysis; Agricultural potential; Typology; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C0; F0; O1.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51043

You, Liangzhi; Bolwig, Simon.

Coffee is the most important export crop in Uganda and an important source of income among smallholder farmers in large parts of the country. The Robusta type dominates coffee production and Ugandan Robusta is demanded by roasters as a component in certain blends due to its special taste qualities. However, a combination of events outside and within Uganda, especially the collapse of world coffee prices in the late 1990s, are eroding farmer incomes and export revenues and threaten the long-term viability of the industry. In this context, the paper first investigates the challenges faced by the Ugandan coffee industry, namely the decline in the world coffee market, changes in procurement strategies among coffee importers, the rapidly expanding market for...

Assessing potential impact of avian influenza on poultry in West Africa: a spatial equilibrium model analysis

Palavras-chave: Coffee production; Commodity exports; Quality; DREAM; Development strategy evaluation; Producer benefits; Uganda; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16112

You, Liangzhi; Diao, Xinshen.

In this paper, the authors analyze the potential economic impacts of avian influenza (AI) in West Africa, taking Nigeria as an example. They find that, depending on the size of the affected areas, the direct impact of the spread of AI along the two major migratory bird flyways would be the loss of about 4 percent of national chicken production. However, the indirect effect-consumers’ reluctance to consume poultry if AI is detected, causing a decline in chicken prices-is generally larger than the direct effect. The study estimates that Nigerian chicken production would fall by 21 percent and chicken farmers would lose US$250 million of revenue if the worst-case scenario occurred. The negative impact of AI would be unevenly distributed in the country, and...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Spatial equilibrium model simulation; West Africa; Nigeria; Livestock Production/Industries.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55399

ASSESSING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CROP PRODUCTION USING A GENERALIZED CROSS-ENTROPY APPROACH

You, Liangzhi; Wood, Stanley.

While agricultural production statistics are reported on a geopolitical – often national - basis we often need to know the status of production or productivity within specific sub-regions, watersheds, or agro-ecological zones. Such re-aggregations are typically made using expert judgments or simple area-weighting rules. We describe a new, entropy-based approach to making spatially disaggregated assessments of the distribution of crop production. Using this approach tabular crop production statistics are blended judiciously with an array of other secondary data to assess the production of specific crops within individual ‘pixels’ – typically 25 to 100 square kilometers in size. The information utilized includes crop production statistics, farming system...

Benefit-Cost Analysis of Uganda’s Clonal Coffee Replanting Program: An Ex-Ante Analysis

Palavras-chave: Entropy; Cross entropy; Remote sensing; Spatial allocation; Production; Crop distribution; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60324

Benin, Samuel; You, Liangzhi.

The Ugandan coffee industry is facing some serious challenges, including low international prices in the international coffee market, aging coffee trees and declining productivity, and, more recently, the appearance of coffee-wilt disease, which have all contributed to the decline in both the quantity and value of coffee exports. The government of Uganda, through the Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA), in 1993/94 started a coffee-replanting program to both replace coffee trees that were old or affected by coffee-wilt and expand coffee production into other suitable areas in northern and eastern Uganda. This program seems to be helping to both combat the industry’s problems and reverse the declining trends. However, the UCDA announced in 2004 that...

Generating Global Crop Distribution Maps: From Census to Grid

Palavras-chave: Clonal coffee; Benefit-cost analysis; IRR; DREAM; Uganda; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42355

In order to evaluate food security, technology potential and the environmental impacts of production in a strategic and regional context, it is critical to have reliable information on the spatial distribution and coincidence of people, agricultural production, and environmental services. This paper proposes a spatial allocation model for generating highly disaggregated, crop-specific production data by a triangulation of any and all relevant background and partial information. This includes national or sub-national crop production statistics, satellite data on land cover, maps of irrigated areas, biophysical crop suitability assessments, population density, secondary data on irrigation and rainfed production systems, cropping intensity, and crop prices....

Generating global crop distribution maps: from census to grid

Palavras-chave: Global; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C6; Q15; Q24.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25737

Generating Plausible Crop Distribution and Performance Maps for Sub-Saharan Africa Using a Spatially Disaggregated Data Fusion and Optimization Approach

Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21299

Agricultural production statistics reported at country or sub-national geopolitical scales are used in a wide range of economic analyses, and spatially explicit (geo-referenced) production data are increasingly needed to support improved approaches to the planning and implementation of agricultural development. However, it is extremely challenging to compile and maintain collections of sub-national crop production data, particularly for poorer regions of the world. Large gaps exist in our knowledge of the current geographic distribution and spatial patterns of crop performance, and these gaps are unlikely to be filled in the near future. Regardless, the spatial scale of many sub-national statistical reporting units remains too coarse to capture the...

GENERATING PLAUSIBLE CROP DISTRIBUTION MAPS FOR SUB-SAHARA AFRICA USING SPATIAL ALLOCATION MODEL

Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Cross-entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42374

Spatial data, which are data that include the coordinates (either by latitude/longitude or by other addressing methods) on the surface of the earth, are essential for agricultural development. As fundamental parameters for agriculture policy research agricultural production statistics by geopolitical units such as country or sub-national entities have been used in many econometric analyses. However, collecting sub-national data is quite difficult in particular for developing countries. Even with great effort and only on regional scales, enormous data gaps exist and are unlikely to be filled. On the other hand, the spatial scale of even the subnational unit is relatively large for detailed spatial analysis. To fill these spatial data gaps we proposed a...

Growth Options and Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia: A Spatial Economywide Model Analysis for 2004-15

Palavras-chave: Sub-Sahara Africa; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C60; Q15; Q24.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19965

Diao, Xinshen; Nin Pratt, Alejandro; Ghautam, Madhur; Keough, James; Chamberlin, Jordan; You, Liangzhi; Puetz, Detlev; Resnick, Danielle; Yu, Bingxin.

Also published as EDRI-ESSP Policy Working Paper No. 2: Xinshen Diao; Alejandro Nin Pratt; Madhur Ghautam; James Keough; Jordan Chamberlin; Liangszi You; Detlev Puetz; Danielle Resnick; Bingxin Yu. 2005. Growth options and poverty reduction in Ethiopia: a spatial, economywide model analysis for 2004-15.

Impact of global warming on Chinese wheat productivity

Palavras-chave: Poverty alleviation; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; Millennium Development Goals; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Disaggregation; Household surveys; Ethiopia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58383

You, Liangzhi; Rosegrant, Mark W.; Fang, Cheng; Wood, Stanley.

Climate change continues to have major impact on crop productivity all over the world. While many researchers have evaluated the possible impact of global warming on crop yields using mainly indirect crop simulation models, there are relatively few direct assessments on the impact of observed climate change on past crop yield and growth. We use a 1979-2000 Chinese crop-specific panel dataset to investigate the climate impact on Chinese wheat yield growth. We find that a 1 percent increase in wheat growing season temperature reduces wheat yields by about 0.3 percent. This negative impact is less severe than those reported in other regions. Rising temperature over the past two decades accounts for a 2.4 percent decline in wheat yields in China while the...

Modeling Land Use Allocation with Mixed-Level Data: An Econometric Analysis for the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Palavras-chave: Global warming; Wheat yield; Production function; Marginal impact; Panel data; Climate; Wheat production; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58588

Li, Man; De Pinto, Alessandro; You, Liangzhi; Ulimwengu, John M.; Robertson, Richard D..

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD ENTERPRISES OF UGANDA COTTON PRODUCTION

Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103694

You, Liangzhi; Chamberlin, Jordan.

Because the conditions for agricultural development vary considerably across space, we need to develop methods that allow us to take such variability into account when evaluating development strategies for particular crops or farming systems. This paper addresses spatially varying characteristics in an evaluation of the potential economic benefits of three cotton development strategies for Uganda: area expansion, productivity improvement, and domestic consumption increase. We begin with a historical review of cotton production in Uganda. We then described the major challenges and opportunities for Ugandan cotton production, including farm-level production constraints. Household-level production data from the 2000 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) are...

SPATIAL PATTERNS OF CROP YIELDS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

Palavras-chave: Cotton; DREAM; Productivity; Spatial analysis; Development strategy; Development domains; Uganda; Cash crops; Export agriculture; Agricultural research; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60327

Wood, Stanley; You, Liangzhi; Zhang, Xiaobo.

From a theoretical perspective crop yields should tend to converge over time and space as: growth in yield potential exhibits diminishing returns; an increasing share of farmers shift to using high yielding varieties (HYVs); barriers to the free flow of knowledge and information are removed; and significant investments continue to be made in supporting institutions whose mandates include facilitating and accelerating the cross-border flow of improved agricultural technologies. Using a new, sub-national crop yield database for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) we examine whether convergence is indeed occurring, and discover it is not. On the contrary, there is evidence of divergence. We test three hypotheses that might help account for this finding:...

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS AND KNOWLEDGE SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Palavras-chave: Crop yields; Maize; Rice; Soybeans; Latin America; Caribbean; South America; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60322

Johnson, Michael; Resnick, Danielle; Bolwig, Simon; Chamberlin, Jordan; You, Liangzhi; Wood, Stanley; Hazell, Peter B.R..

While greater growth in agriculture and the broader rural sector is crucial for ameliorating Africa's high levels of poverty and malnutrition, developing strategies to achieve these objectives is hindered by a number of factors, including the broad array of interventions needed, the lack of accurate data, and dearth of trained local policy analysts. As such, this paper proposes a Strategic Analysis Knowledge Support System (SAKSS) in which data, tools, and knowledge are compiled, analyzed, and disseminated for the purposes of identifying a set of priority investment and policy options to promote agricultural growth and rural development. These analyses can in turn help inform the broader process of designing, implementing, and monitoring and evaluating a...

Strategic priorities for agricultural development in Eastern and Central Africa

Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Strategic analysis; Sub-Saharan Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60184

Omamo, Steven Were; Diao, Xinshen; Wood, Stanley; Chamberlin, Jordan; You, Liangzhi; Benin, Samuel; Wood-Sichra, Ulrike; Tatwangire, Alex.

In countries that are heavily dependent on agriculture for employment and income, underperformance is not only untenable but also potentially explosive. This is the case in the countries of eastern and central Africa—Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda—where tens of millions of people face ongoing poverty, hunger, and malnutrition. This report, the result of a two-year collaboration between the International Food Policy Research Institute and the Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa, identifies how eastern and central African countries can stimulate agricultural growth to address these dire circumstances. The findings suggest that...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Africa; Eastern; Central; Agricultural development projects; International Development.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37881

What is the irrigation potential for Africa? A Combined Biophysical and Socioeconomic Approach

You, Liangzhi; Ringler, Claudia; Nelson, Gerald C.; Wood-Sichra, Ulrike; Robertson, Richard D.; Wood, Stanley; Guo, Zhe; Zhu, Tingju; Sun, Yan.

Although irrigation in Africa has the potential to boost agricultural productivities by at least 50 percent, food production on the continent is almost entirely rainfed. The area equipped for irrigation, currently slightly more than 13 million hectares, makes up just 6 percent of the total cultivated area. Eighty-five percent of Africa’s poor live in rural areas and mostly depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. As a result, agricultural development is key to ending poverty on the continent. Many development organizations have recently proposed to significantly increase investments in irrigation in the region. However, the potential for irrigation investments in Africa is highly dependent upon geographic, hydrologic, agronomic, and economic factors...